:: Scope Resolution

The scope resolution operator :: (aka in Hebrew as Paamayim Nekudotayim or the double colon) is explicitly used to access static, constant and overridden properties and methods of a class. The class required is defined to the left of the :: operator and the member to the right.

Syntax:

className::memberName ;

<?php
	class Bike {
		public $name;
		public function setName($myName) {
			$this->name = $myName;
		}
		public function greet() {
			echo "Welcome to the Ducati appreciation club!<br>";
		}
		public function speak() {
			echo "The latest Ducati road going sports bike is the $this->name.<br><br>";
		}
	}
	class MotoGP extends Bike {
		private $prototype;

		public function setPrototype($myPrototype) {
			$this->prototype = $myPrototype;
		}
		public function greet() {
			echo "Welcome Ducati MotoGP supporters!<br>";
		}
		public function speak() {
			echo Bike::greet();
			echo $this->greet();
			echo "The $this->prototype is the MotoGP prototype racing equivalent of their road bike.<br><br>";
		}
	}
	Bike::greet();
	$panigale = new Bike;
	echo "The above shows a class method being called without an object instance.<br><br>";
	$panigale->setName("Panigale");
	$panigale->speak();

	$desmodici = new MotoGP;
	$desmodici->setPrototype("Desmodici");
	$desmodici->speak();
	MotoGP::greet();
?>

<?php

class Bike {

public $name;

public function setName($myName) {

$this->name = $myName;

}

public function greet() {

echo "Welcome to the Ducati appreciation club! ";

}

public function speak() {

echo "The latest Ducati road going sports bike is the $this->name. ";

}

class MotoGP extends Bike {

private $prototype;

public function setPrototype($myPrototype) {

$this->prototype = $myPrototype;

}

public function greet() {

echo "Welcome Ducati MotoGP supporters! ";

}

public function speak() {

echo Bike::greet();

echo $this->greet();

echo "The $this->prototype is the MotoGP prototype racing equivalent of their road bike. ";

}

Bike::greet();

$panigale = new Bike;

echo "The above shows a class method being called without an object instance. ";

$panigale->setName("Panigale");

$panigale->speak();

$desmodici = new MotoGP;

$desmodici->setPrototype("Desmodici");

$desmodici->speak();

MotoGP::greet();

Save & refresh browser:

Welcome to the Ducati appreciation club!
The above shows a class method being called without an object instance.

The latest Ducati road going sports bike is the Panigale.

Welcome to the Ducati appreciation club!
Welcome Ducati MotoGP supporters!
The Desmodici is the MotoGP prototype racing equivalent of their road bike.

Welcome Ducati MotoGP supporters!

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